Research Designs and Methods Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Research Designs and Methods - Term Paper Example   If we were to not use scientific research, we would have to rely on intuition, guess and whims. All through history, one can see examples of how important decisions can go wrong because the decision maker relied on these. Intuition is often influenced by a few events that are not representative of the norm. The decision maker may not even realize how much weight a particular incident may be given simply because it has had an emotional impact on them; and not because it is really relevant. Statistical studies have shown that any one of a number of guesses has exactly the same chance of being right as any other in the set. Nevertheless, we often make the mistake of believing that a particular guess has a greater probability of being right. This is a fallacy that motivates every gambling situation. The whims and ideas of monarchs have often been their downfall. Major decisions of corporations, countries and even individuals, if taken without the backing of facts and research can oft en lead to costly mistakes – sometimes irreversible... (Baily, 1994; 76-83). A majority of the type of research mentioned is conducted by using mathematical and statistical functions. But when the object of study is a human being, quantitative measurement of phenomena is not always possible. Human experience is inherently qualitative, and often it is best reported thus. A number of researchers have understood this, and choose to study phenomena from a qualitative and descriptive point of view. While such research is often criticized for not being able to present hard data, the insight it provides into the human experience makes it well worth the effort. It is, of course, difficult to generalize from subjective data; a strength of objectively collected data. In some cases, there is no attempt at all to apply the findings in a larger context. Qualitative research is also more fallible in its interpretation. But in spite of all its flaws, qualitative data – especially in the Social Sciences – can provide an understanding and a perspective that empirical data cannot afford.     

Fonterra Cooporative Group Limited globalization and competitive

Fonterra Cooporative Group Limited globalization and competitive In this report is are discussing about the how the Fonterra Co-operative Group Limited (Fonterra) can gain the competitive advantage in the market and what strategies has been adopted by the Fonterra company through globalization, under the finding of this report it will evaluated the SWOT analysis of Fonterra company ,by using the SWOT analysis how Fonterra can clearly know the companys key business structure and operations, history and products, strength ,weakness ,Opportunity and weakness ,beside that it also discuss about the porter five forces about how Fonterra have adopted the strategies to gain the competitive advantages in global market and how Fonterra compete with the competitor . Beside that this report also discuss about how the Fonterra adopted the total quality management, brand strategies, product repositioning and supply chain in order to sustain it success in long term Some research has been done to write this report. All the research sources are based on book, website, journal articles, and media articles. The information from the sources helped to discover how Fonterra the increase the market share in some market such as using alliances strategies in some high competitive market ,how to repositioning to gain more market share and how their establish the brand into the consumer mindset 1.0 History of Fonterra Company Fonterra Co-operative Group Limited (Fonterra) owned by New Zealand dairy farmers and it representing 96 per cent of all dairy farmers in the country. As we know the Fonterra Co-operative Group Limited was established in year 2001 from the merger of the two largest cooperatives which is New Zealand Dairy Group and Kiwi Co-operative Dairies. (http://www.fonterra.com/wps/wcm/connect/fonterracom/fonterra.com/our+business/fonterra+at+a+glance/about+us/our+history) through the merging within 2 companies, Fonterra gaining the monopoly control of the New Zealand domestic and export dairy industry. The headquartered of Fonterra the office is in and employs 15,600 people. Beside that Fonterra supplies nearly 40percent of the global whole milk powder (WMP) market (http://www.nbr.co.nz/article/nzx-launches-milkpowder-futures-103322) and with revenue exceeding NZ$16 billion and they become one of the worlds largest dairy companies. The operating profit in year 2009 was was NZ$922 million as comp ares to the year 2008 the operating profit have been increased around NZ$ 324million .and the net income in year 2009 also increased around 73% compared to year 2008 which is NZ$244 million.( http://www.foodista.com/book/MB5XFZ2M/fonterra-co-operative-group-limited-swot-analysis) As we know Fonterra is a supplier of dairy products and dairy ingredients. It principally engages in collection, manufacture and sale of milk and milk derived products. The company supplies value added dairy products to the customers around the world. In addition it also provides dairy ingredients which include, ready-to-serve beverages, butter, ready-to-serve creams, yoghurt, cheese, milk, ice cream, desserts and.  Its ingredients are used to manufacture a wide range of dairy products for markets around the world. We know that Fonterra is a dairy and dairy ingredients supplier. It is mainly engaged in the collection, manufacturing, and milk and dairy derivative product sales. The company offers value-added dairy products to customers worldwide. In addition, it provides dairy ingredients which include ready to drink beverages, butter, ready to serve cream, cheese, milk, yogurt, desserts, pre-proofed frozen pastry, and ice cream.a its ingredients are used in the manufacture of a wide range of milk Products in world markets. Some of the brand of Fonterra product we can easily found in market such as BROWNES, Anlene, FERNLEAF, ANCHOR, SOPROLE and TIP  TOP. (^ Leo Paul Dana, Jason Schoeman (2010). An Entrepreneurial Innovation: Mega Cooperatives. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 4 (1): 67-88. http://jbia.jp/jpeg/APJIE4-1.pdf.) 2.0 SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis can essential the sources for top level company data and information .by using the SWOT analysis we can inspects the structure of business and the operation of the company .beside that it also will provides summary analysis of the main source of revenue lines and strategy and also the key competitors and major products and services. The figure 1.0 below is the analysis the SWOT of Fonterra company Strength Have the stable and secures supply of the milk resources in long term even the global demand is outstripping supply because of the uniqueness shareholder relationship within the farmer Due to the Fonterra is merging from 2 large of company of the large company in New Zealand so they pursue growth of the economic scale with the various resources. New Zealand is a higher productivity environmental for daily product. Large number expertise worker within the industry in the company. Weaknesses Due to the relationship of the supply is the vital of company to secure supply of the milk resources. The competitor could be pinch the supplier with the better price. Because of the merge the company the resources and infrastructure are overlapping and got resistance o restructure and relocation the infrastructure and resources Too reliable on climate and ecology .less efficiencies of the productivity compare to competitor. Opportunity They can reduce the barriers of entry in most market. WTO trade negotiations due to the lowest cost suppliers. The can increase the clean green image and value added of nutrition of it product. Threat Some of the country may increase the tariffs to protect the local suppliers. Some of supplying competitor may start to adopt more global Strategy. The legal and media crisis due to some issue. Too rely on exchange rates 2.1 Porters five forces analysis Porters five forces is a one of the strategies which can analysis the existing market and business strategy. By using these strategies Fonterra Company can develop effective strategies to raise your profitability, power, and competitive and understanding the competitive forces in your industry. 2.1.1 New Entrants Due to the de-regulated market structure of New Zealand and them also one of the member of the free trade country. In this way they might attract entrants competitor who are based for export oriented supply and processing .most of the Participants are mostly of the global entrants who preferring the low cost supplier nation with strategy of increasing export share. 2.1.2 Supplier Fonterra having the advantages in cost of items bought from suppliers because the have uniqueness shareholder relationship within the farmer. in the way the can get the lower cost supply and due to the relationship even the global demand outstrips supply of the milk resources they also will get the stable supply in long term. Beside that they also increase the efficiency of production in certain country such as India, china, Poland. For example they expending farm operation to increase production in china due to the current supply of high quality fresh milk cannot keep up with the demand of the current market for more information it can refer to http://www.sharechat.co.nz/article/9e40bb66/fonterra-milking-chinese-demand-expanding-farm-operations.html 2.1.3 Buyer Buyer is plays an important role in the market because they is the one who create the demand in an industry .as we know dairy product is a standardized product .Fonterra are facing the volatile price of the dairy product because of the changes in supply and demand of the product this is because most of the consumer are changing the eating habit beside that due to the floods in the dairy producing country it already affect the global stock. So they introduce a new online sales channel for its dairy commodities which can quickly notice to the price change of the dairy product. (http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Product-Categories/Dairy-based-ingredients/Fonterra-develops-online-trading-for-dairy-commodities) 2.1.4 Substitutes Dairy milk is a natural product how ever it also got some substitutes for it product such as soya milk, goat milk and other it will affect the demanding of the milk product in this way it might affect the profit of the Fonterra Company 2.1.5 Internal rivalry As a global company, Fonterra have to compete with the competitor such as Nestle, Kraft and other which are the global operation industry and rapid growth in the share market. Even a Fonterra company is a merge from the 2 large in New Zealand but they also face the threat from the global competitor because they might using the free trade to increasingly global market strategies .Fonterra have been consolidate dairy resources in the industry by being merged into larger and more efficient competitor . 2.2 Total Quality Management (TQM) Because fonterra is daily industry, the hygiene and health of the product should be awareness so that quality of the product are important to them because it might affect the image of the company if some customer was food positioning after taking the companys product .so the internal quality control of the product are plays an important role to build the competitive advantages in the market and also meet the customer satisfaction .Total Quality Management (TQM )system have been introduce to their company. Through the TQM they can increase the ISO accreditation because this is one of the ways for them to control the quality of the product. By this way company will have high confident to their product and also can easily get the trust from the customer as well for example New Zealand dairy giant Fonterra said Wednesday it is 100 percent confident in its milk supplies to a Chinese company under investigation over claims of tainted milk powder. (WELLINGTON, 2010)appendix 1 because of the TQM system they will highly defined the procedure and standards of their product. Beside that they also provided the training to all the staff evens the truck driver they also ensure they are well train and professional driver and meet the industry standard. 2.3 Strategies Repositioning Business repositioning is a critical marketing concept that is often only poorly understood. Most businesses will benefit greatly from some careful thought about strategic repositioning and product repositioning (http://www.m-insights.co.uk/business-repositioning.html) for the Fonterra they are keep on investing in the consumer product division ,new Zealand milk well this is an option or decision from Fonterra .but in this way the core supply competencies of Fonterra will be overlook . We know that Fonterra is a unique export-oriented global cooperation. They have won because of its experience in and knowledge of organizational respect for the dairy industry. In Asian countries, Fonterra has been re-positioning their Anlene product with the new clinically test which is protect bone strength within 4 week if women are drank 2 glass of Anlene hi calcium milk a days which able to reduces the amount of bone loss in post-menopausal after 4 week .thought the research Fonterra company has spent more than us$50 million on bone health research and it has conducted 18 clinical trials relating to bone health. In Indonesia Fonterra have gained the market share risk from 43% to 72% of the high calcium milk adult dairy product category and it become the market leader of the high calcium milk adult dairy product category across Asia and has experienced a 15% increase in growth this financial year 2009 due to the repositioning of the product Fonterras Anlene gets boost in Asia. (http://milk-brand.chikaworldfood.com/T_13248_____fonterra%E2%80%99s-anlene-gets-boost-in-asia.htm) 2.4 Supply Chain The supply chain can be define as the a collection of activities and organizations involved in moving products for example, raw materials from one point such as a manufacturers facility to another such as a customers distribution center. It includes the exchange of both material and associated information flows for example, shipment notices. (http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/publications/ftat_user_guide/sec5.htm) From the supply chain analysis, Fonterra can how and where the product resources from and how and where their selling end product. We know that Fonterra dairy is owned by the dairy farmers in New Zealand .they got approximately 13,000 milk suppliers and they also one of the shareholder of the company .beside the shareholders milk supply .Fonterra also got other addition milk supplier where from the other country such as dairy America and DFA from the united state, Nestle from the America,Bonlac from Austria and other because Fonterra is a international dairy companies. Fonterra have 80 plants around the world which for processing and manufacturing the resources. Beside that they also got 3 main research and development plants which at Massey (New Zealand), Mexico and Germany. Fonterra is a worlds largest multinational food companies and they have a good global distribution network for distribute the end product to whole world because they have been exported milk out of New Zealand around 20 year ago. They are exported the end product to Asia Middle East, Africa due to the high demand of the dairy product. Due to the production of dairy product is much more then the demand on it country. Fonterra are more widespread to use of rail to shipping their products throughout the country. This will enable us to get more frequent, flexible and reliable shipping options by this way it can give their customers greater confidence that our products can be delivered on time. In order to gain the market share and competitive advantages in the high competitive market .Fonterra are alliances with existing national dairy company in country to expanding dairy market. By using the alliance strategies they can expend dairy market in the country with the minimum cost. For example they have announce that a new joint venture in the United Kingdoms highly-competitive yellow fats market thought the alliances they establishment a new company that to be responsible for distributing and market of the product of ANCHOR brand in the UK country domestic market and developing the new product for the yellow fats market in British Isles and EU respectively. Fonterra mainly have divided the market place into 4 channels due to wide product range the four channels which is foodservice channels which is restaurants, hotels, bakeries. Retail channels such as supermarket, wholesalers, by product channels such as biotechnology, pharmaceuticals and consumer channel which is milk powder, cheese, yogurts and other. Each channel has different demand on the dairy product. (http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-79373875.html) (Chen, I. J., Paulraj, A. (2004): Towards a theory of supply chain management: the constructs and measurements. In: Journal of Operations Management, 22/2: 119-150) 2.5 Branding Strategies By using the branding strategies Fonterra can understand the customer preferences and expectations from the brand beside that it also can make you product different from other product .thought the branding it can build a strong position on the product and make it become more unique ,sustainable and valued place in customer mind . A good brand strategy builds the customer loyalty which customer will continue purchase your product without reflect on the price. Fonterra are dividend their consumer business into three major regions which is Australia and New Zealand, Africa, Asia , Middle East and Latin America and it bring compound annual growth rate around 20% for the last four year By using the branding strategies it bring the growth at 4-5 % per annum in the Asia Middle East and the market price is worth NZD$12.5 billion .by the estimate the consumption of the Fonterra product will continuing raise due to Asia and Middle East are starting focus on their health and wellness. The most successful product brand strategy in the Asia and Middle East is Anlene. As we know the Anlene was create in year 1991 in Asia which are the high calcium milk to maintain the strength of the bone and prevent the osteoporosis, by the successful brand strategies today Anlene has bringing in over $320 million per year which represent almost one-fifth of the total sales revenue in the Asia country .Fonterra have invest around $2-3 million annually on bone health research and looking how to develop new format and formulation of the Anlene product. A research report from the International Osteoporosis Foundation showed that 286 million people in China will suffer from osteoporosis or low bone mass by 2020, and this figure may rise to 533 million by 2050.in this way they have launched the Anlene in china market. Instead of earning money they also conducted over 3 million bone scans in Asia country since 2006 beside that the also educated the consumer the risk of the osteoporosis and how to prevent it. For example they provided a free service to Malaysian consumer about the bone health check and beside that some of the consultant will give the advice on the consumer about what is going on and how to overcome the situation .for more information it can refer to appendix 1 Beside the milk powder of Anlene product, the Anlene Concentrate also have launched in the Asia country to target on different segmentation consumer .to build a good reputation of the Anlene product beside education some knowledge consumer and the boned check service they also hired Michelle Yeoh which is the action movie star in Asia and become spoke person of its product .it this way they manage to sell Anlene with the premium brand with is 30-50% expensive compare to the normal milk. (http://www.fonterra.com/wps/wcm/connect/418dd400440c080d84b29e9906727cef/240610%2B-%2BCEO%2BAndrew%2BFerrier%27s%2Baddress%2Bto%2BSIDE.pdf?MOD=AJPERES) (http://www.agro.uba.ar/agro/agroneg/pdf/strat_manag.pdf) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Ireland, R D, Hoskission, R E Hitt, MA 2009, The management of strategy concepts, 8th edn, South-Western Cengage Learning, USA à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Singh, K, Pangarkar, N Heracleous, L 2010, Business strategy in Asia a case book, 3rd edn, Cengage Learning Asia, Singapor 3.0 Recommendation

Barbie: Independent Woman or Damaging American Icon? Essays -- Argumen

Barbie: Independent Woman or Damaging American Icon? She's the classic American beauty, the woman we all dreamed of being at one point in our lives. She has long, tanned legs, cascades of blonde curls and has such perky breasts that she doesn't even need a bra. Although this character does not need air to breathe and is made of plastic, she has been one of America's most potent icons for more than 40 years and has affected girls in ways even human models aren't capable of. With 250 million Barbies in existence in the United States alone, there are more Barbies than there are people in the United States (Green 339). Barbie is adored by 8-year-old girls, collected by baby-boomer moms, and despised by feminists. No one can deny Barbie's unmistakable popularity. I myself am still the owner of 10-12 well-worn Barbie dolls. They are the outcome of much begging and pleading with my parents and their many unsuccessful attempts at getting me to stop sucking my thumb. Barbie was fascinating to me because she was a woman, not a baby like my other dolls. My sister and I spent hours creating complex "grown-up" scenarios with Barbie and her counterparts. Although I have fond memories of those afternoons of make-believe, I am now a more consciences adult aware of Barbie's shortcomings as such a powerful cultural icon. Although some people would call Barbie a feminist due to her multiple careers and her independent, fun-loving personality, I now see that Barbie’s unrealistic body size, her association with consumerism, and her potent sexuality make her a negative and harmful American icon. Barbie was conceived in 1959 by Ruth Handler (Green, A. 1/2). While on vacation in Germany, Ruth found a novelty d... ...rth Island Journal 11:4 (1996). Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College Good Library. 3 Mar. 2001. Matheny, Krista. "Many Women Believe Barbie Damages Society." Murray State News U-Wire 18 Feb. 2000. <www.sam.com/article> McConnell, Tandy, ed. American Decades: 1990-1999. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale, 2001. Prager, Emily. "Our Barbies, Ourselves." Signs of Life in the U.S.A.: Readings on Popular Culture For Writers. 3rd Ed. Maasik, Sonia and Jack Solomon. Boston: Bedford, 2000. 706-709. Robertson, Virginia. "Special Report on Reaching Girls: What Barbie Says About Girls." Aug. 1997. Kidscreen: About Reaching Children Through Entertainment <www.kidscreen.com/articles/ks15997.asp> "The Culture of Beauty." Diabetes Forcast Jul 1995. Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College Good Library. 3 Mar. 2001. Barbie: Independent Woman or Damaging American Icon? Essays -- Argumen Barbie: Independent Woman or Damaging American Icon? She's the classic American beauty, the woman we all dreamed of being at one point in our lives. She has long, tanned legs, cascades of blonde curls and has such perky breasts that she doesn't even need a bra. Although this character does not need air to breathe and is made of plastic, she has been one of America's most potent icons for more than 40 years and has affected girls in ways even human models aren't capable of. With 250 million Barbies in existence in the United States alone, there are more Barbies than there are people in the United States (Green 339). Barbie is adored by 8-year-old girls, collected by baby-boomer moms, and despised by feminists. No one can deny Barbie's unmistakable popularity. I myself am still the owner of 10-12 well-worn Barbie dolls. They are the outcome of much begging and pleading with my parents and their many unsuccessful attempts at getting me to stop sucking my thumb. Barbie was fascinating to me because she was a woman, not a baby like my other dolls. My sister and I spent hours creating complex "grown-up" scenarios with Barbie and her counterparts. Although I have fond memories of those afternoons of make-believe, I am now a more consciences adult aware of Barbie's shortcomings as such a powerful cultural icon. Although some people would call Barbie a feminist due to her multiple careers and her independent, fun-loving personality, I now see that Barbie’s unrealistic body size, her association with consumerism, and her potent sexuality make her a negative and harmful American icon. Barbie was conceived in 1959 by Ruth Handler (Green, A. 1/2). While on vacation in Germany, Ruth found a novelty d... ...rth Island Journal 11:4 (1996). Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College Good Library. 3 Mar. 2001. Matheny, Krista. "Many Women Believe Barbie Damages Society." Murray State News U-Wire 18 Feb. 2000. <www.sam.com/article> McConnell, Tandy, ed. American Decades: 1990-1999. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale, 2001. Prager, Emily. "Our Barbies, Ourselves." Signs of Life in the U.S.A.: Readings on Popular Culture For Writers. 3rd Ed. Maasik, Sonia and Jack Solomon. Boston: Bedford, 2000. 706-709. Robertson, Virginia. "Special Report on Reaching Girls: What Barbie Says About Girls." Aug. 1997. Kidscreen: About Reaching Children Through Entertainment <www.kidscreen.com/articles/ks15997.asp> "The Culture of Beauty." Diabetes Forcast Jul 1995. Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College Good Library. 3 Mar. 2001.

Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance

Longboats Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance Harlem Renaissance was undoubtedly a cultural and social-political movement for the African American race. The Renaissance was many things to people, but it is best described as a cultural movement in which the high level of black artistic cultural production, demanded and received recognition. Many African American writers, musicians, poets, and leaders were able to express their creativity in many ways in response to their social condition. Until the Harlem Renaissance, poetry and literature were dominated by the white people and were all about the white culture.One writer in particular, Longboats Hughes, broke through those barriers that very few African-American artists had done before this period. Longboats Hughes played a major role and was a tremendous influence on African-American culture throughout the United States during the era of the Harlem Renaissance. He has written many poems that were influenced during the Harlem Renaissanc e, Trumpet Player and Harlem. From my perspective these poems expressed his rhythmic style and his connection to the Harlem Renaissance.In the sass's and early sass's, there was an African American cultural movement hat took place in the neighborhood of Harlem, New York. It is variously known as the Harlem Renaissance, the Black Literary Renaissance, or the New Negro Movement. This movement developed at the end of World War I in 1918, blossomed in the mid to late sass's, and faded in the mid sass's. There were several things that contributed to the rise of this time period, after segregation was made legal in the South, it made living conditions intolerable for African-Americans. They were powerless before the law and less than human in the eyes of many whites† (Harlem Renaissance 954). This caused a great migration to the North which seemed absolutely necessary for African-Americans. There was an industrial explosion occurring in the North and it was creating a demand for lab or. Many settled in northern cities such as Chicago, Philadelphia, and Cleveland, but New York was the destination for most. This migration to the North was a huge breakthrough for African-Americans and was the beginning of the cultural movement, the Harlem Renaissance.The Harlem Renaissance was also considered as a literary movement led by the African-Americans. It was a time of African-American creativity in literature, music, dance, and art. This movement created amazing opportunities for African-Americans, they were able to pursue their hopes and dreams without being discriminated against. They persevered and finally received what they hoped and dreamed of from white society. African-Americans received better education, more employment opportunities, and were more acknowledged in the performing arts. African Americans worked not only with a new sense of confidence and purpose but also with a sense of achievement never before experienced by so many black artists in the Eng, troub led history of the peoples of African descent in North America† (Harlem Renaissance 953). During this time the black culture was becoming more popular and accepted by non-blacks. The Harlem Renaissance was important to African- Americans because it was the first major step towards equality. Many African-Americans began to write during this time and began getting noticed for their writings. Some common themes represented during the Harlem Renaissance were the influence of the experience of slavery and emerging African- American folk traditions on black identity, the effects of institutional racism, the lemmas inherent in performing and writing for elite white audiences, and the question of how to convey the experience of modern black life in the urban North† (Wisped, Harlem Renaissance). In many of the writings that I have read from the Harlem Renaissance era, they truly depicted their struggles and experiences through their writings.There were numerous famous poets that emerged from this era, Longboats Hughes was one of the most famous poets and writers of this time. His poems were mainly about his heritage and also the experiences of Africans. Hughes was a great writer with much diversity in his types of writings. His poetry was a way for us to see a picture of urban life during the Harlem Renaissance, the habits, attitudes, and feelings of his oppressed people. These poems did more than reveal the pain of poverty, it also illustrated racial pride and dignity. His main concern was the uplift of his people, whose strengths, resiliency, courage, and humor he wanted to record as part of the general American experience† (Wisped, Longboats Hughes). Hughes was not ashamed of his heritage and his main theme, â€Å"black is beautiful,† was expressed and shared to the world through his poetry. During the literary movement, music was central to the cultural movement of the Harlem Renaissance, which was a main feature of Hughes poetry.He had an important technical influence by his emphasis on folk, Jazz, and blues rhythms as the basis of his poetry of racial pride. Hughes used this unique style of writing because it was important to him to have the readers feel and experience what they were reading, â€Å"to recognize the covert rhetoric in lyric meaner to appreciate the overlap between emotive and discursive poetry. Rooted in song, the lyric reestablishes the ritual of human communion† (Miller 52). The poem that I felt reflected Languor's lyrical style and expressed the struggles of his people was, â€Å"Trumpet Player†.After reading it many times quietly, aloud, and with music I was able to truly understand the meaning that was portrayed through this poem. The trumpet player in this poem was â€Å"The Negro' who sat on the stage, playing his trumpet, and telling us his story about the past and present struggles of his life. In the first stanza where Longboats mentions â€Å"Has dark moons of weariness Ben eath his eyes†, tells me that he has been through many things throughout his life ND by looking at him you can see the struggles he has faced.The line that follows gives you an insight to what he remembers and his violent past, â€Å"Where the smoldering memory of slave ships blazed to the crack of the whips about his thighs†. After reading the first stanza you've learned about the trumpet player and the life that he has lived. â€Å"The Negro' continues to play â€Å"with the trumpet at his lips, has a head of vibrant hair tamed down, Patent-leathered now, Until it gleams like Jet- Were jet a crown†. In this stanza I felt that Longboats showed the beauty of the trumpet player despite the struggles he has faced.With music playing an important role in Languor's style of writing and in the trumpet player's life, he expresses this in the third stanza: â€Å"The music, From the trumpet at his lips, Is honey, Mixed with liquid fire†. The music that the trumpet player plays is like â€Å"honey' to him, it is easy and feels good, â€Å"mixed with liquid fire† meaning it is strong and powerful at the same time. Longboats goes on to explain how important the trumpet is for the trumpet player. He describes the rhythm as â€Å"ecstasy, distilled from old desire†, by using the word â€Å"ecstasy' Longboats expresses how moving and pleasurable the music is to the rumple player. Distilled from old desire† reflects that the trumpet player has always had the desire to play, and even though his desire has aged he still has it within his soul to play. Within the fourth stanza Longboats goes deeper into detail about how deep the desire within the trumpet player really is. â€Å"Desire, That is longing for the moon, Where the moonlight's but a spotlight In his eyes†, I felt that in this line Longboats is telling us that the trumpet player longs for great things as high as the moon, but for him it is unreachable and will onl y be a spotlight in his eye.He also amperes his desire, â€Å"longing for the sea, where the sea's a bar-glass, sucker size†; it is another way of telling us that his desires, hopes, and dreams are as big as the sea, but living the life of oppression it will only be the size of a small glass. The fifth stanza allows us to create an image in our mind what the trumpet player looks and feels as he is playing the trumpet. He is standing there with his Jacket that has a â€Å"fine one-button roll†, playing his trumpet without reading music from a page. Does not know Upon what riff the music slips†, I saw this line to be powerful, the trumpet layer plays and creates music from within his mind and soul, his gift of music is so profound it emanates right out of him without reading a single note. â€Å"Its hypodermic needle to his soul†, Longboats also describes the intense feeling he gets as he plays, almost like a drug, maybe even painful to his soul. â€Å"But softly, as the tune comes from his throat, Trouble Mellows to a golden note†, this last stanza defines for us why the trumpet player plays.Even though he has faced oppression, a violent past, desperation, and struggle the trumpet player uses the music to mellow his soul and invert his pain to â€Å"a golden note†. Throughout this poem Longboats Hughes was able to express using his Jazz-like structure and musical flow, the struggles, past and present, that his people have faced throughout their life. Another poem that I felt truly depicted the feelings of African-Americans during the Harlem Renaissance era is, â€Å"Harlem (Dream Deferred)†. It is a poem about the dreams slaves had while being on the plantations as well as in the streets of Harlem.Throughout the poem, we are not quite sure what the dream is but we are aware of the negative effects dreams can have when they are deferred. Longboats captured me with his first line â€Å"What happens to a dream defer red? † He speaks of the African- Americans from the plantations, who have dreams but are being suppressed by oppressing forces. Racism dividing whites and blacks from any type of equality in America allowing them to have dreams but holding them back to enough to never fulfill those dreams.He continues to ask what will happen to this dream â€Å"does it dry up like a raisin in the sun†, he uses the example off raisin because they start out as a plump Juicy grape, but transform into something different once they are left out to ray. I felt that Longboats wanted us to know that his people had dreams, but the mistreatment and belief of black inferiority from the white slave masters eventually caused those dreams to shrivel up like a raisin and lose their meaning.He then asks could it â€Å"fester like a sore and then run†, meaning does the dream pick at you like a wound or sore, but if nothing is done to heal that sore, or to reach your dream, does it run away from y ou. Longboats gives a very descriptive image to the point you can almost feel and smell what would happen to your dream if it was deferred, â€Å"Does it tint like rotten meat†, the dream becomes so stagnate it begins to turn fowl. In the line could it â€Å"crust and sugar over like a syrupy sweet† felt that Longboats was saying that dreaming was sweet in the inside but crusted over and became harder to reach from the outside.When Longboats said â€Å"maybe it Just sags like a heavy load†, he meant these dreams started to weigh on his people's hearts, it became a burden to have any dreams. The last question of the poem â€Å"Or does it explode? † stands out the most to me, you have a dream that you dreamed of so much that it leaves you in espalier and escapes you. Longboats Hughes wrote this poem during a time when African-Americans were enduring injustice, and feeling there was no way to reach forward.I felt he truly captured what it was like for Africa n-Americans at that time and how they were treated. Harlem Renaissance was a time when many African-Americans depicted their struggles and experiences through writing. It was a time that brought out many great changes and it allowed African-Americans to express their culture without fear and shame. This movement changed the way African-Americans were seen by whites, and he black culture became more accepted. Many great writers came about during this time, one of which was Longboats Hughes.His poetry was a true reflection of the African-American culture and Harlem. He was influenced by the struggles presented in the Harlem Renaissance, which was expressed through his poem â€Å"Harlem (Dream Deferred). † He also emphasized how music replenished the soul through emotional connections by the use of form and language through his poem â€Å"Trumpet Player. † Longboats Hughes had a true connection to the Harlem Renaissance, he helped define he spirit of the age through his l yrical style and brilliant writings.

Language Essay

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Communicative Language Teaching The Advantages and Disadvantages of Communicative Language Teaching By HAH Introduction The focus of this essay is to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). In doing so, it is important to first clarify the meaning of CLT and it’s place in the ongoing history of language teaching methodology. CLT is generally accepted as the most recognized, contemporary approach to language teaching. CLT is considered an approach, rather than a teaching method, and can seem non-specific at times in terms of how to actually go about using practices in the classroom in any sort of systematic way. The real problem when attempting to define CLT is that there are many interpretations of what CLT actually means and involves. It means different things to different people. Or perhaps it is like an extended family of different approaches, and.. as in the case with most families, not all members live harmoniously together all of the time. There are squabbles and disagreements, if not outright wars, from time to time. However, no one is willing to assert that they do not belong to the family (Nunan 2004). One of the things that CLT embraces within its family is the concept of how language is used. Instead of concentrating solely on grammar, CLT focuses strongly on communicative competence. Learners are encouraged to apply various language forms in various contexts and situations such as making hotel reservation, purchasing airline tickets, ordering at a restaurant, booking tickets to a show, asking for directions etc. It is this constant exposure to language in realistic situations, which is thought to aid language acquisition. Learners are given a clear reason for communicating in the form of role-plays and simulations. Accuracy of the language is seen to be of less importance than fluency and communicating successfully. Brown (2007) offers the following seven interconnected characteristics as a description of†¦

Word Choice Than vs. Then - Proofeds Writing Tips

Word Choice Than vs. Then - Proofeds Writing Tips Word Choice: Then vs. Than The difference between than and then is so slight that its easy to mix them up by accident. However, with a clear understanding of what each term means, you should be able to avoid mistakes! Herein, we set out the difference. Then (Time and Consequences) The word then is used to refer to time, typically to indicate a particular point in time or within a sequence: First I went shopping, then I went to the cinema. It can also be used to show that something should follow on from something else: We must first deal with the budget deficit, then we can think about building infrastructure. In this case, as well as following on from something else in time (i.e., building infrastructure can only happen at a time after the budget is addressed), using then in the second part of the sentence also shows how an idea can follow another in terms of logical sequence. Other examples of then being used in this way include: If it rains, then the streets will be wet. If you eat too much cake, then you will get fat. Than (Comparisons) The word than is always used to make contrasts and comparisons. For instance, we might say: My father is tougher than yours. Or we could say: It is windier in Oklahoma than California. Another common use of this term is in the phrase rather than, which is most often used to express a preference between alternatives (e.g., Im going to walk rather than take the bus). Than or Then? As you can see, these words have very distinct meanings, despite their similarities. As such you should take special care not to confuse them in your work. Remember: Then = Indicating a point in time Than = Making a comparison However, since its often difficult to proofread your own work, for complete peace of mind you might want to try the professionals.

A Schools Website Makes an Important First Impression

A Schools Website Makes an Important First Impression Before a parent or student physically sets a foot into a school building,  there is an opportunity for  a virtual visit. That virtual visit takes place through a schools website, and the information that is available on this website makes an important first impression. That first impression is an opportunity to highlight the schools best qualities and to show how welcoming the school community is to all stakeholders-parents, students, educators, and community members. Once this positive impression is made, the website can  provide a wide variety of information, from posting an exam schedule to announcing an early dismissal because of inclement weather.  The website can also effectively communicate the schools vision and mission, the qualities, and the offerings to each of these stakeholders. In effect, the school website presents the personality of the school. What Goes on the Website Most school websites have the following basic information: Calendars for school activities, school schedules, and bus schedules;  Policy statements (ex: dress code, Internet use, attendance);School news on individual student achievements or group achievements;Information on the school learning activities including academic requirements, course descriptions, and prerequisite course work;Information on school extra-curricular activities (ex: clubs and athletic program);Links to teacher web pages and also staff and faculty contact information; Some websites may also provide additional information including: Links to organizations or websites outside the school that support the schools academic program (ex: College Board-Khan Academy)Links to software that  contain student data  (Naviance,  Powerschool, Google Classroom)Links to forms (ex: permission slips, course registration, attendance waivers, transcript requests, free and reduced lunch) that can reduce the  costly reproduction of paper copies;Board of Education resources such as contact information for board members, minutes of meetings, agendas, and meeting schedules;District policies, such as those policies on data privacy;Photos of students and faculty;A forum or discussion page for  teachers, administrators, students, and parents to exchange information such as news and calendars of events;Links to school social media accounts (Facebook, Twitter, etc). Information placed on the school website will be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. Therefore, all the information on the school website must be timely and accurate. Dated material should be removed or archived. In real time information will provide stakeholders confidence in the information posted.  Up to date information  is particularly important for teacher websites that list assignments or homework for students and parents to see. Who Has Responsibility for the School Website? Every school website must be a reliable source of information that is communicated clearly and accurately. That task is usually assigned to a schools Information Technology or IT Department. This department is often organized at the district level with each school having a  webmaster for the school website. There are a number of school website design businesses that can provide the basic platform and customize the site according to a schools need. Some of these include Finalsite, BlueFountainMedia,  BigDrop, and SchoolMessenger. Design companies generally provide the initial training and support on maintaining the school website. When an IT Department is not available, some schools ask a faculty or staff member who is particularly technologically savvy, or who works in their computer science department, to  update their websites for them.  Unfortunately, building and maintaining a website is a  large task that can take  several hours a week. In such cases, a more collaborative approach of assigning responsibility for sections of the website might be more manageable. Another approach is to use the website as a part of the school curriculum where students are given the task of developing and maintaining  portions of the website. This  innovative approach benefits both the students who learn to work collaboratively in an authentic and on-going project as well as educators who can become more familiar with the technologies involved. Whatever the process for maintaining the school website, the ultimate responsibility for all content must lie with one  district administrator.   Navigating the School Website Possibly the most important consideration in designing the school website is the navigation. The navigation design of a school website is particularly important because of the number and variety of pages that may be offered to users of all ages, including those who may be unfamiliar with websites entirely. Good navigation  on a school website should include a navigation bar, clearly defined tabs, or labels that clearly differentiate the pages of the website. Parents, educators, students, and community members should be able to travel throughout the entire website regardless of the level of  proficiency with websites.   Particular attention should be given to encouraging parents to use the school website. That encouragement might include training  or demonstrations for parents during school open houses or parent-teacher meeting. Schools could even offer technology training for parents  after school or on special evening activity nights. Whether it is someone 1500 miles away, or a parent living down the road, everyone is afforded the same opportunity to see the schools website online.  Administrators and faculty should see school website as the front door of the school, an opportunity to welcome all virtual visitors and make them feel comfortable in order to make that great first impression. Final Recommendations There are reasons to make the school website as attractive and professional as possible. While a private school may be looking to attract students through a website, both public and private school administrators may be seeking to attract high-quality staff who can drive achievement results. Businesses in the community may want to reference a schools website in order to attract or expand economic interests. Taxpayers in the community may see a well-designed website as a sign that the school system is also well-designed.

Biography of Richard Hamilton, English Pop Art Pioneer

Biography of Richard Hamilton, English Pop Art Pioneer Richard William Hamilton (February 24, 1922 - September 13, 2011) was an English painter and collage artist best-known as the father of the Pop Art movement. He started the crucial elements that defined the style and laid the groundwork for future significant figures like Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol. Fast Facts: Richard Hamilton Occupation: Painter and collage artistBorn: February 24, 1922 in London, EnglandDied: September 13, 2011 in London, EnglandSpouses: Terry OReilly (died 1962), Rita DonaghChildren: Dominy and RodericSelected Works: Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing? (1956), Towards a definitive statement on the coming trends in menswear and accessories (1962), Swingeing London (1969)Notable Quote: Its not so easy to create a memorable image. Art is made through the sensibilities of an artist, and the kind of ambitions and intelligence, curiosity and inner direction that role requires. Early Life and Education Born into a working-class family in London, England, Richard Hamilton began attending evening art classes at age 12 and received encouragement to apply to the Royal Academy of the Arts. The academy accepted him into its programs at age 16, but he had to withdraw when the school shut down in 1940 due to World War II. Hamilton was too young to enlist in the military and spent the war years executing technical drawings. Richard Hamilton returned to the Royal Academy when it reopened in 1946. Soon the school expelled him for not profiting from the instruction and failing to follow regulations. After acceptance into the Slade School of Art in 1948, Hamilton studied painting with artist William Coldstream. Less than two years later, he exhibited his work at the Institute for Contemporary Arts in London. His new friendships with fellow artists allowed him to be present at the 1952 meeting of the Independent Group where Eduardo Paolozzi showed collages with images from American magazine advertisements. They inspired Richard Hamilton to explore what soon became known as Pop Art. Chris Morphet / Getty Images British Pop Art In the 1950s, Richard Hamilton began teaching art in various locations around London. In 1956, he helped define the This Is Tomorrow exhibit at the Whitechapel Gallery. Many consider the event the beginning of the British Pop Art movement. It included Hamiltons landmark piece Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing? Following the acclaim surrounding This Is Tomorrow, Hamilton accepted a teaching position at the Royal College of Art in London. David Hockney was among his students. In a 1957 letter, Hamilton stated that Pop art is: popular, transient, expendable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous, and Big Business. China Photos / Getty Images A personal tragedy took place in 1962 when Richard Hamiltons wife, Terry, died in a car accident. While mourning, he traveled to the U.S. and developed an interest in the work of conceptual art pioneer Marcel Duchamp. Hamilton met the legendary artist at a Pasadena retrospective, and they became friends. Art and Music In the 1960s, Richard Hamilton straddled the gap between pop music and contemporary art. Bryan Ferry, founder and lead vocalist of Roxy Music, was one of his dedicated students. Through his agent, Robert Fraser, Hamilton encountered other rock musicians like the Rolling Stones. A drug arrest of Fraser and Rolling Stones lead vocalist, Mick Jagger, is the subject of a series of 1969 Richard Hamilton prints titled Swingeing London. Hamilton also developed a friendship with Paul McCartney of The Beatles and designed the cover for the White Album in 1968. Swingeing London 67 (1969). Dan Kitwood / Getty Images Late in his career, Hamilton explored working with new technology. He used television and computers. After the BBC asked him to take part in a television series titled Painting With Light, he used Quantel Paintbox software to develop new works of art. It wasnt his first exploration of the interaction of modern technology and art. He used a stereophonic soundtrack and Polaroid camera demonstration as elements of his art lectures as early as 1959. Legacy Richard Hamilton is often credited as the father of Pop Art. His concepts and works influenced the movement in both the U.K. and the U.S. The piece Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing from 1956 is usually identified as the first true Pop Art piece. It is a collage using images cut out of American magazines. A contemporary muscleman and a female underwear model are perched in a modern living room surrounded by state-of-the-art technology and luxury items. The word Pop on a lollipop held by the muscleman like a tennis racket gave the title to the movement. Hamiltons first work of Pop Art also includes elements that predict major directions in the movement. A painting on the back wall showing comic book art anticipates Roy Lichtenstein. A canned ham points toward the consumer art of Andy Warhol, and the oversized lollipop is reminiscent of the sculptures of Claes Oldenburg. Sources Sylvester, David. Richard Hamilton. Distributed Art, 1991.

Lifelong learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Lifelong learning - Essay Example Evaluation of Aspects of Inclusive Learning 13 B. An Analysis of Inclusive Approaches to Learning and Teaching 14 C. An Explanation of How to Motivate and Engage Learners in an Inclusive Learning Environment 15 D. An Explanation on How to Establish Ground Rules With Learners in an Inclusive Learning Environment 16 E. A Review of How to Give Constructive Feedback to Motivate Learners 16 F. A Review of How to Provide Opportunities for Learners to Practice their Literacy, Numeracy and ICT Skills 17 Task B: Professional Journal Entry 17 A) An Analysis: 17 B) An Explanation of How the Assessment Opportunity Was Made to Meet the Needs of the Learners 18 C) An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Your Approaches to Learning and Teaching in Meeting the Needs of Learners 19 References 20 Task A: Research Report A) An Analysis of Initial, Formative and Summative Assessment: Lifelong learning has emerged in recent years to be regarded as one of the key constituents for individuals to build up the ir value within the society. In order to develop the skills and diversified competencies within the entire life, it is necessary to pursue lifelong learning on account of surrounding factors. Knowledge, competencies and effective skills frame the basic requirements for fostering innovation and productivity within an organisation. With the advent of globalization, the need for change to keep up with the rapid pace of global adversaries has also accelerated, which has initiated the essence of lifelong learning for the individuals. A detailed analysis of the assessment tools have been discussed hereunder: Initial Assessment Analysis In accordance with the initial assessment methodology, it is observed that this method of application has been mainly created to be implemented in the beginning of the assessment process. It fundamentally derives knowledge about the learners’ strengths along with weaknesses and the gradual prospects for the development. Correspondingly, it has also b een ascertained that the assessment procedure mainly focuses on a particular aptitude or skill for evaluating the learners’ position. Furthermore, initial assessment methodology is also applied to detect the prior general areas, which require attention. This type of methodology is primarily adapted in order to provide the learners the appropriate courses, complying with the inherit skills and aptitudes. Considering the initial assessment tool, it basically is applied at times to determine the right learner for the right course, which will ultimately assist the learner to grow in the concerned field. Formative Assessment Tool Formative assessment is usually determined as a tool, which is applied to give continuous feedbacks to the learners for the particular duration of the course. In this context, it is generally known as the ‘assessment for learning’. The prior elements being indulged in the formative assessment reflect that the learning intentions must be made clear to the learner. Furthermore, during the planning process, the course is designed accordingly and is shared among the learners. Correspondingly, in this particular technique, the learners are directed to carry out their own evaluation process in compliance with the learning intentions. In the formative assessment technology, the learners’ usually receive their result by means of the written test or in a form of the oral test. Summative Assessment In case of the summative

Uncertainty Reduction Theory Critique Assignment

Uncertainty Reduction Theory Critique - Assignment Example However, I have come to realize that this is only the short term goal. The long-term goal of the entire process is to gain some related benefits. Having said that, I think maximizing relational outcomes is the ideal motivator when people encounter new people. The majority of human beings are motivated into gaining more information about other people simply because of maximizing on the relational outcomes. It is because almost all people tend to be less interested in others that have little significance to their lives. For example, an average or poor performing academic student will tend to gain information about another top performing student not for reducing uncertainty, but for gaining academic related benefits. In another example, a political candidate will choose a running mate, not because good friendship, but because of amassing more votes that would eventually help the pair at winning the elections. Due to our current life situation, we approach new people to fulfill an emotional, psychological or physiological need. Basing on the same concept, our group picked on the primary motivator in class because we want to maximize on the relational outcome. We made that choice because we want someone that is more like a role model and one that will help us through our emotional, psychological and physiological needs. Making such choice makes more sense than uncertainty reduction theory in that learning and understanding a person does not entirely add value to another person’s life. Therefore, it is justified to conclude that people are motivated by rewards or associated benefits they would gain from a new person they

Qualitative Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Qualitative Research - Essay Example Hubbard reckons the gendered attitudes and beliefs to arise from a merging of the students’ school, family and community ethos. Her results prompt the author to question â€Å"the wisdom of Ogbu’s undifferentiated treatment of the African American student population.† (p. 605). In her study, Hubbard found that a combination of ethnicity, class and gender determined the academic achievements of her subjects whereas Ogbu had asserted that under-achievement in schools by minority students was influenced essentially by cultural factors, and not by any inherent deficiency of racial, genetic or academic traits. According to Hubbard, â€Å"Recognizing the salience of gender in constructing academic identities extends the work Ogbu started and corrects an oversight that plagues his work.† (p. 606). Hubbard has chosen to focus on cases of successful minority students rather than look to explain the reasons for minority students’ failure. Through this study, Hubbard has tried to find answers to several questions including how to â€Å"account for the relative success of African American students who not only stay in school but also do well and become eligible for college?† What made the subjects of her study â€Å"not assume an ‘oppositional stance’, as Ogbu’s theory predicts?† and â€Å"why are female African American high school students typically more academically successful than their male counterparts?† The gender issue in the educational field is not a new phenomenon and it is not restricted to any ethnic group. In fact, low aspirations coupled with poor examination results in boys seem to be a global problem. Furthermore, gender-based differentiation vis a vis over-achieving girls and under-achieving boys has become a common feature in recent years so that experts in education are strongly advocating specific strategies intended to improve educational outcomes for

Comparison of Marketing Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Comparison of Marketing Strategies - Essay Example It is renowned for being the flag carrier air service company of United Kingdom. The company is the biggest airline in the country on the basis of the fleet size, the total number of flights in the international land, the international destinations etc. British Airways is the second largest among all the airline companies on the basis of the total number of travellers carried. British Airways Board was formed in 1971 for controlling two big domestic airline companies, BEA and BOAC and also two small airline companies, Northeast Airlines and Cambrian Airways. On 31st March 1974, all the four companies merged and British Airways was formed. The company started expanding its operations by the acquisition of British Caledonian (in 1987) and Dan Air (in 1992). The company also formed strategic alliance with Cathay Pacific, Qantas, American Airlines and Canadian Airlines. The alliance is counted as the third largest alliance, next to Star Alliance and Sky Team. British Airways is a subsidi ary of International Airlines Group, which has been listed in London Stock Exchange and FTSE 100 Index. The loyalty of the employees as well as the former colleagues along with the collection of beautiful arts has helped British Airways to gain competitive advantage over its competitors. As already mentioned, the company is a merger of the four companies BEA, BOAC, the North East Airlines and Cambrian Airways. The current alliance with the Qantas, Cathay Pacific, American Airlines and Canadian Airlines has made British Airways the third largest alliance. ... BA CityFlyer, a fully owned subsidiary of British Airways provides services to twenty different destinations in Europe. Although the main focus is given on the financial markets by the company, it has recently extended the operations and achieved a remarkable position in the leisure market. There are many other services provided by the company like car rental service, hotel service etc. The excellent services provided by the company in both international as well as domestic land have helped it to achieve a successful position in the market. Service marketing mix for British Airways in UK’s and USA’s perspective 7P’s of marketing gives set of policies related to the product, price, promotion, place, physical evidence, process and people which generally affects the purchasing decision of the customers. These policies are set by the management. The success of a business involves a long process where achieving success depends on the marketing; the success related to marketing depends on the marketing strategies and finally the marketing strategies deal with the elements of 7P’s of marketing. Thus the implementation of appropriate strategies in 7P’s of marketing is very important for the achievement of success by a business enterprise. A service marketing mix is the mix of the marketing plans of the company (Belohlavek, 2008). Product The product or service strategy of a company should be such that it gains the attraction of the customers easily. The product or service strategy should be planned in such a manner that it provides satisfaction to the needs of the customers and have a differential advantage over the product offerings by the competitors (Hobbs, 2011; Masterson & Pickton, 2010). British Airways provides quality services to its

From Englightenment to Romantisicm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

From Englightenment to Romantisicm - Essay Example Mozart’s oeuvre often focuses on these subjects – he revolutionised traditional operas by making a member of the serving class the hero of one of his masterpieces in â€Å"Le Nozze di Figaro†, where the popular figure of Figaro (a barber) triumphs over his social superiors because of his higher moral values, and because of his wit. The play by Beaumarchais on which the opera libretto was based was banned in Vienna in the times just before the French Revolution, as the content was deemed too inflammatory. The opera â€Å"Don Giovanni† remains to this day one of the most often performed operas worldwide. This paper will explain the particular fascination this opera still holds today by demonstrating the complexity of two of the main characters of the libretto, Leporello, Don Giovanni’s valet, and Don Ottavio, the fiancà © of Donna Anna, one of the women Don Giovanni tried to seduce. As in the comic opera â€Å"Le Nozze di Figaro† Mozart and Da Ponte sketch a two-tier society and the characters in Don Giovanni are either members of the aristocracy or the serving class comprised of servants and peasants. Again, moral values are not identical with class and rank, but low morals can be found in the aristocracy (Don Giovanni) and high morals can be found in the peasant class (Zerlina, Masetto). Leporello appears to be a case of his own - in the first Act we find Leporello in the garden owned by the Commendatore whilst his master, Don Giovanni, is attempting to seduce Donna Anna, the Commendatore’s daughter and fiancà ©e of Don Ottavio. Leporello, although a loyal servant, is dissatisfied with his employment and with his master. He complains that he is kept busy day and night, as expressed in his aria â€Å"Notte e giorno faticar† which could be translated as â€Å"day and night nothing but work†. The close proximity to his master and the knowledge he has therefore gathered about his master’s life

Economical changes during 2008-09 financial crisis Essay

Economical changes during 2008-09 financial crisis - Essay Example to analyze the evolvement of the current financial crisis, its effects on the economy of United States as well as its financial market, some of the problems the United States may face in the future and also to discuss some of the short term and long term solutions. According to Taylor (2008) financial crisis is the result of monetary or any other form of excesses, which leads to a boom and results in a bust. It can also occur when financial institutions or assets lose its value (Kindleberger and Aliber (2005). It is also characterised by the reduction in flow of credit to the businesses and households (Jickling, 2008). During the period from 2000 to 2007 the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve was highly flexible and easy to follow. Loans and mortgages were easily available even when there was no evident means to repay it. The Federal Reserve lowered the interest rate compared to those prevalent at the time before crisis. They even explained that the lowering of the interest period would be only for a short period of time and that after that time the interest rate would be restored to normal by slowly increasing it at a fixed rate. Thus it is quite evident that the lowering of the interest rate, which resulted in monetary excess, was actual ly a wrong decision by the Federal Reserve. The reason they gave for such an action was to avoid the occurrence of a deflation that occurred in Japan in 1990’s (Taylor, 2008). Sub prime mortgages were designed actually to make each and every citizen of US, a homeowner. These mortgages were given to those people who were having a very high-risk profile and were on variable interest rates. Most of the banks did this based on the assumption that housing price would continue to rise. This nature of these mortgages resulted in foreclosure of loans when the house prices began to fall. The fall of price of houses resulted in loss of asset value of most of the banks. The housing boom and bust that followed not only affected the

From Englightenment to Romantisicm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

From Englightenment to Romantisicm - Essay Example Mozart’s oeuvre often focuses on these subjects – he revolutionised traditional operas by making a member of the serving class the hero of one of his masterpieces in â€Å"Le Nozze di Figaro†, where the popular figure of Figaro (a barber) triumphs over his social superiors because of his higher moral values, and because of his wit. The play by Beaumarchais on which the opera libretto was based was banned in Vienna in the times just before the French Revolution, as the content was deemed too inflammatory. The opera â€Å"Don Giovanni† remains to this day one of the most often performed operas worldwide. This paper will explain the particular fascination this opera still holds today by demonstrating the complexity of two of the main characters of the libretto, Leporello, Don Giovanni’s valet, and Don Ottavio, the fiancà © of Donna Anna, one of the women Don Giovanni tried to seduce. As in the comic opera â€Å"Le Nozze di Figaro† Mozart and Da Ponte sketch a two-tier society and the characters in Don Giovanni are either members of the aristocracy or the serving class comprised of servants and peasants. Again, moral values are not identical with class and rank, but low morals can be found in the aristocracy (Don Giovanni) and high morals can be found in the peasant class (Zerlina, Masetto). Leporello appears to be a case of his own - in the first Act we find Leporello in the garden owned by the Commendatore whilst his master, Don Giovanni, is attempting to seduce Donna Anna, the Commendatore’s daughter and fiancà ©e of Don Ottavio. Leporello, although a loyal servant, is dissatisfied with his employment and with his master. He complains that he is kept busy day and night, as expressed in his aria â€Å"Notte e giorno faticar† which could be translated as â€Å"day and night nothing but work†. The close proximity to his master and the knowledge he has therefore gathered about his master’s life

World Bank project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World Bank project - Essay Example Some of the main economic sectors that the Senegalese government feels that continued skill development should be enhanced include the tourism sector, horticulture and poultry farming sectors. The initiative by the World Bank to fund the training programme for the young people in Senegal has led to massive improvements in the job market. In addition, the cases of joblessness among the young people in Senegal has significantly reduced. The project was awarded a $35 million loan for full implementation. The project is very beneficial to the economic development of Senegal. The project will improve the level of skills among the young people. In essence, the project will aid in the diversification of the economic activities in Senegal. Over 60% of the total Senegalese population is employed in the agriculture. However, the contribution of agriculture to the country’s economic growth is less than twenty percent. In this regard, offering sufficient relevant training to the young people in the fields of agriculture and tourism can aid in boosting the economic growth of the country. The project aims at increasing the country’s agricultural production and to boost returns from tourism activities. In essence, the project will boost the contribution of common economic activities to the country’s economic growth and development. Most young people are idle because of lack of skills in the various industries. Young people are very productive since they are energetic and can easily adapt to changes. Actually, the young people have a better understanding capacity compared to the old people. In this case, offering training to the young people is very economic since they understand concepts at a higher rate than the old people. For this reason, the project will aid in boosting the level knowledge among the young people and reduce idleness in the streets. The project will aid the Senegalese

The Baroque Period And Ragtime Music Essay

The Baroque Period And Ragtime Music Essay Throughout history we see that historical conditions are one of the key factors that defines a genre or music style during any one time period. These conditions include, but arent limited to social, cultural, technological and musical trends. Instruments so often evolve as technology evolves; we see breakthroughs in the instruments themselves as well as how they are made and how the music is performed live or captured in the studio. Two of the key movements in music history have been the Baroque time period, Defined generally as a style of Western Classical music approximately extending from 1600 to 1750. [Palisca, G. 2001], and the jazz (more specifically Ragtime) era, defined an original musical genre which enjoyed its peak popularity between 1897 and 1918. [Berlin, E. 2009] I have chosen these two music movements to base this essay on because of the different, but slightly juxtaposed nature of how they developed and how they were structured. Music if often quoted to be the food fo r the soul and theres no better way to gain knowledge on the topic than to compare two pieces from both time periods. The first piece I chose is from the baroque period and it is from one of the most famous composers of the time, Johann Sebastian Bach, and is titled Bouree In E Minor. It is composed for the lute and is the fifth movement from the Suite in E minor for Lute. The actual composition is very soft and smooth, far from hard dynamics. The length is also much shorter than most of his other works (10 mins+). It has a quick tempo as it was initially written to be a dance, demonstrating two voices within the piece opposing one another. The piece itself has no lyrics but the form resembles some of the baroque conditions that music should communicate some form of religious theme within its compositional lyrics, or via emotional stimulus. It is also written for the lute which is a acoustic string instrument, showing that the song is bounded by the technology of the time period. Electricity was yet to be implemented which somewhat restricts the compositional variety between music in the baroque per iod, although many modern day electric instruments are just old acoustic instruments, re-made to newer technological specifications and requirements. The main concepts behind the Baroque compositions are that it expresses order, while maintaining the tuneful and lively nature of music. The composers viewed what they were doing as reflecting the mood of the times. Baroque, particularly after Bachs death in 1750, was seen as one of the first music styles to show trends within societal vies on music. Some people saw that it was unfashionable to perform music of older styles. Another major change that Baroque had on the music world is that females started to appear more commonly as musicians and singers, this shows that the gender suppression was being lifted in the art world and it caused some of Baroques most important musicians to express their compositions such as Elisabeth-Claude Jacquet de la Guerre. In my view the piece is very mechanical with the almost lack of crescendo and emo tion. This is backed up by the statement found in online music journal The Radio 3 that Later Baroque works suffer a little from over-stylisation, perhaps sometimes to the extent of calcification[Draper, H. 2008]. The obvious common trend in baroque music, the music is viewed as a structure, much like a mathematical formula rather than full of the emotion, personality and soul that encompasses the jazz movement. The second music style I chose to analyse is jazz, more specifically ragtime. The piece is titled Maple Leaf Rag and was composed by Scott Joplin. The song is roughly 3 minutes long and is at a very fast and upbeat tempo. It was originally composed for piano and is one of the key pieces of the time. Because the song has a very upbeat tempo and melody, it inspires emotions of hope, happiness and joy. It makes use of seventh chords and because of its influence on the ragtime movement, it is still one of the most recognised pieces from the period. The term ragtime gets its origin from the ragged and syncopated rhythm. It was the original dance music of Americas lower class district within cities such as New Orleans and St. Lois. The ragtime movement was shrouded in oppression and social hierarchy, at the time African Americans had no rights and were subject to the harsh treatments of the modern society. The style was a descendant of the jigs and march music that were commonly played by African-American bands. There were no typical genres and niches that we have in our modern society so the music was well received in North America. When ragtime was first developed, many of the musicians couldnt read sheet music let alone standard literature, which exhibits some of the lack of knowledge and education in the lower class system of the era. The music was not bound by the stereotypes that we know today and one piece entitled All Coons Look Alike To Me by African-American entertainer Ernest Hogan, went on to sell a million copies. The fallback from this was the creation of numerous derogatory pieces Coon Songs in which Hogan in his later years admitted that he felt a sense of shame and race betrayal. When Joplins Maple Leaf Rag was released, it demonstrated more sophistication and depth than the earlier rag compositions. Because ragtime had such a impact on the early development of jazz, as well as blues, there were a small number of artists (such as Jelly Roll Motion) w ho were able to play both jazz and ragtime during the time period both styles overlapped. While jazz was much more popular than ragtime it quickly surpassed ragtime in mainstream popularity during the early 20th century. The musical form of ragtime was that of a modified march made widely used by John Philip Sousa, using the polyrhythms that were prevalent to early African music. The most common time signatures for ragtime were that of 4/4 or 2/4 with the evident left hand rhythm of bass notes on the odd beat, while the syncopated rhythm is played on the right hand. Unlike waltz (3/4) and march (2/4) ragtime isnt synonymous with any particular time signature. Both Baroque and Ragtime are styles that narrate the time period that they took place in. Both Maple Leaf Rag and Bouree In E Minor are quintessential pieces to the development of both Ragtime and Baroque. Bouree in E minor is written in a standard 4/4 time signature while Maple Leaf Rag is written in 2/4 which gives a faster, more rush feeling. Both of them keep a fast paced tempo, the main contrast is that Maple Leaf Rag has great dynamic while Bouree In E Minor has a soft and smooth dynamic contour. They both express feelings of emotion that were present in the time periods, Maple Leaf Rag keeps up emotions of hope and perseverance during the time of hardship for African-Americans. Bouree in E minor on the other hand shows a flow away from the mechanical and mathematical view on music that the Baroque period exhibits. The instrumentation of the two pieces is fairly similar, Maple Leaf Rag is composed of a single instrument, the same with Bouree in E minor. The timbre of both piece s is a obvious difference as they are both composed on different instruments, while they are both able to play the same notes, the characteristics of each one sounds distinct. As they are both played solo, there is no orchestration between the two. Because of technological constraints and the style, both pieces were composed for acoustic instruments, lute and piano. The main technological difference between the two is that recording mediums were not available during the baroque period so the only tracks are interpretations of the work by other musicians. On the other hand piano rolls and basic recording technologies were available during the ragtime period so there are very old and low quality recordings of the song being played by Joplin himself. In my own findings, I feel that Baroque deals more with cultural issues (such as religion being pushed by government, the demand for new art, discourse and proclamation being viewed with much significance) while Ragtime deals with more soc ietal issues (racism, oppression, family, hope and some tongue in cheek humor). The pieces dont have any lyrical part to their composition but still portray some of these emotions and feelings, if you were to ask almost anybody if they recognize either of these pieces, theres a very high chance they would of as they are used countless times throughout modern marketing and promotion. Both of them have been used in the soundtracks of thousands of cartoons, films, video games and commercials as the copyright for both of them have expired. Music is often quoted as food of the soul, and through studying early music styles I have found that this is largely true. Music gives listeners a passage into the time and allows them to paint a image of the social, technological and cultural values of the time. For this essay I chose to write on the Baroque time period and the early Jazz period, specifically Ragtime. The pieces I chose were Bouree in E minor by Sebastian Bach, and Maple Leaf Rag by Scott Joplin. I found that these two pieces of work, although very different, showed how iconic pieces of music can portray the conditions of the time over a few centuries. When these factors change, so does music. Composers are often limited by the technology of the day, and as shown by Bouree in E minor, the lack of recording technology has left us with no original recordings of Bach, only modern musicians interpretations of them. Feelings are commonly provoked through the dynamic and phrasing of musical pieces and by listening to the two songs, I can say that I felt some of the same feelings that the original composers of these pieces were trying to portray, whether it was joy and hopefulness with Maple Leaf Rag or the feeling of prosperity and structure in Bouree in E minor. Comparing songs from two different movements is often hard because they are both expressing very different social, cultural, technological and musical conditions, but I found that these two songs were not very difficult because as both the composers were in different conditions, they produced similar influences in the songs. Looking at a song and analyzing what might of influenced the artist is one of the most important skills in analyzing the music style itself ad music is often written from the heart and soul, and these two songs definitely showed some strong points as to what the composers were feeling at the time.

A Virtual Training Environment Essay -- Gaming

Technology has become a huge part of the way we live. As the years move on, we are becoming more technologically advanced, and part of that progression is due to the fact that we are using avenues that we would have overlooked 20 years ago. One of these avenues is the use of video games in nonconventional ways, like supplementing a real class room for a virtual one, to help ease some of the social anxiety of those with Aspersers and Autism, and to assist in the training our troops, utilizing a safe and cost effective environment. Unfortunately, these methods have been questioned, by those weary of the dominant presence technology has taken in this new generation of youth; however, all of these pathways are helping solve a real problem with aid of virtual environments. One innovative way virtual environments have been implemented is the use of video games to aid in making learning and teaching situations more comfortable. This new style of education is made possible with the use of virtual classrooms in the massive multiplayer online game, MMO, Second Life (SL). Through the use of this fully virtual world, we are now able to teach tangible skills to others. In â€Å"Using Second Life to enhance classroom management practice in teacher education†, Jennifer Mahon et al. explored this theory. They established that, â€Å"Overall, the results of this study suggest that using SL for a simulation of classroom management is promising (130)†. Because is it always easier to learn in an atmosphere where one feels relaxed and comfortable, this use of Second Life shows great potential. By using online games this way it is allowing not only new teachers, but veteran teachers as well to gain or brush up on skills they need as educators interacting with... ...re will prosper. Works Cited Bauerlein, Mark. The Dumbest Generation: how the digital age stupefies young Americans and jeopardizes our future (or, don’t trust anyone under 30). New York: Penguin Group Orvis, A Karin, et all. â€Å"An Examination of the Role Individual Differences Play in Videogame- Based Training.† Military Psychology 21.4 (2009): 461-467. Academic Search Complete. Web. 15 Apr. 2012. Mahon, Jennifer, et al. â€Å"Using Second Life to enhance classroom management practice in teacher education.† Educational Media International 47.2 (2010): 121-132. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 APR. 2012. Mitchell, Peter, et al. â€Å"Using Virtual Environments for Teaching Social Understanding to 6 Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorders.† Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders 37.3 (2007): 589-599. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 APR. 2012.

Shakespeares Macbeth - The Tragic Hero Essay -- Macbeth essays

Macbeth - The Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Every true Elizabethan Tragedy comes complete with a tragic hero.   The tragedy Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, has a perfect example of a tragic hero, otherwise known as Macbeth.   A tragic hero must be a man who is great and admirable in various ways.   He should be placed in society in such a way that everything he does affects all of the members of his society.   A tragic hero should at some point reach the top of Fortune’s Wheel, but land up at the bottom by the end of the tragedy due to the continual change of fate.   Macbeth fits the description of being a tragic hero, displaying his strengths, his weaknesses, his tragic flaw, and how influential outside influences are on him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Macbeth definitely has a number of strengths that are prevalent throughout the entire play.   At the beginning of the play, Macbeth seems quite noble.   He fights in the battle against Norway, proving his honor (Lowe).   Ambition is another one of these strengths.   Macbeth is so determined that it enables him to become King of Scotland (Lowe).   It facilitates him to be strong, to overcome his hindrances, and to attain goals (Lowe).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Weaknesses are another characteristic of a tragic hero, and Macbeth displays these quite evidently.   Although ambition was one of the aforementioned strengths obtained by Macbeth, it is a weakness of his, as well   (â€Å"Macbeth – Tragic Hero†).   In fact, it is such a substantial weakness that it constitutes as Macbeth’s tragic flaw.   Being so motivated can cause someone to do horrible things to get their way, as one can see by noting that â€Å"ruthless† is a synonym of â€Å"ambitious.†Ã‚   Through the course of the play, Macbeth kills several people in order... ...gic Hero†).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are many traits that make up a tragic hero, and Macbeth displays each of these.   Macbeth definitely completes a cycle in Fortune’s Wheel, starting off as a highly venerable man at the play’s beginning and being the exact opposite by the end.   His actions affect everyone in his society.   He displays strengths, weaknesses, a tragic flaw, and the fact that he is vulnerable to outside persuasions, thus making him a perfect example of a tragic hero. Works Cited Lowe, Lawrence.   â€Å"Macbeth’s Tragic Flaw.†Ã‚   http://server44.hypermart.net/homeworkdatabase/essays/essay11lit.html (10 January 2005). â€Å"Macbeth – Tragic Hero.†Ã‚   http://www.digitalessays.com/essays/eng_plays/eng_plays_0013.html (10 January 2005). Shakespeare, William.   Macbeth.   Ed Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar.   New York:   Washington Square Press, 1959.

Addiction and Addictions Essay

Introduction There are many factors that are damaging today’s society. Addictions are a fast growing concern, it has branched off and caused many problems whether it be related to drugs, alcohol, gambling, sex, Internet, or eating. Addictions are something society faces everyday. Although there are many reasons behind why addiction are growing, and where they stemmed from, today’s society has focused primarily on how someone with an addictions problem can seek help. Also the many Gaps and Barriers around addictions are enabling people who wish to seek help from receiving it. The increasing amounts of people with drug or alcohol addictions has increased vastly over the years especially among young teens who are still yet to be of age to buy alcohol. With addictions being a commonly known problem in society, there should be more awareness put out to people on how to help those with an addiction or more services that are equally accessible for those who wish to seek help on their addic tions. Types of Addictions Drugs and Alcohol Even though drugs and alcohol is widely known as bad in society, people continue to abuse it. Once on has chosen to abuse drugs or alcohol continuously they lose the ability to say â€Å"no† to another drink or † no† to another puff of weed. Soon the person will continuously think about drinking or using drugs, and cannot wait to abuse either substance again. Generally there are two components that stem from drug addiction: physical and psychological dependencies. Physical dependency occurs when a drug has been used habitually and the body has become immune to its effects. Where as psychological dependency occurs where a drug as been used immensely and the mind has become dependant and the mind begins to become emotionally reliant on the effects. Either to feel pleasure or to relieve pain, then the mind does not feel capable of functioning without the drug. Internet Addictions Internet addictions not only include an over excessive amount of chat room participation, but it does not help their social or financial well being. Dysfunctional use of the Internet by children as well as adults can result in diminished participation in the family. Over thirty percent of Canada’s population has reported that they use the Internet to escape from everyday life or problems. Either by finding someone else on chat rooms with the same problems or just playing games or â€Å"surfing† the web. Gambling Addictions Gambling has many traumatic effects in a person’s life if it is abused the wrong way. It can cause people to loose their family; can put a person into bankruptcy, fraud, domestic abuse, theft or even homelessness. Pathological gamblers tend to be under the age of thirty. Six percent of gamblers in Canada commit suicide. The government profit from gambling in Canada is thirteen billion nationally. In Canada 340,000 people have a modern or severe case of a gambling addiction. Eating Addictions Food addictions affect mostly a person’s health. Food addictions lead mostly to eating disorders, such as: obesity, diabetes, bulimia and food allergies. An eating addiction is signaled the same way in our brains as an alcohol addiction. Recent studies on rats have proven that eating triggers a pleasure receptor in our brain. Ten percent of people with anorexia or bulimia are male. Eight percent of children in Canada are obese, and twenty three percent are adults. Gaps in Services The majority of agencies have no costs, no referrals, are wheelchair accessible and have age limited restrictions. The new internet addiction has left a gap in services, simply because it went so long before it was † discovered†, agencies are just now figuring out ways to support this  addiction. This makes it hard for someone with an Internet addiction to seek help due to the lack of support out there for the general public to use. Barriers in Services The majority of services are available from ages thirteen plus. Which limits â€Å"teens† under the age of thirteen with addiction problems help. With today’s society having an increasing amount of children drinking, this set’s a bit of a barrier. Since there are no programs offered for children of a young age who have already begun drinking to seek help it allows the problem to grow instead of getting to it when it is still fresh and not yet a full-blown addiction. Although many services do not offer help to those who are disabled. Addiction services are generally offered only in English, which poses a problem for those who have immigrated to Canada or simply have grown up speaking a different language. The hours for addiction centers is limited, unless it is a housing service, most programs run on the nine to five clock, enabling those who seek help after hours from getting the service that is required by them. Local Services Personal Development Programs: Men’s Withdrawal Management Center This shelter is for men going through withdrawals from drugs or alcohol. They offer a short-term residence. Also give information and education sessions for men in a safe environment. Also provide one on one counseling for individuals in purpose of defining specific needs and how to treat them. They take in men who are inebriated, who are going through withdrawals or that are at high risk of falling into old patterns. Service for this center in 7 days a week 24 hours a day, there is no fee; admission is immediate accordingly to bed availability. Advocacy and Referral Programs Mental Health and Addictions Services in Grey Bruce This program also known as DART (drug and alcohol registry of treatment) is helpful for people with addictions or mental health problems locate treatment options. It also links local communities with assessment and referral programs for themselves or people that they know. Socialization Programs CAMH Center For Addictions and Mental Health The largest organization for addictions and mental health in Canada. Its provides research, broad-based education offerings, clinical services and health promotion activities. They provide information on the best services around, their facilities allow you to locate research resource materials, and contribute to addictions and mental health system planning. They are open Monday to Friday 8:30- 4:30, they are only partially accessible, and only provide services in English. Rehab and Therapy Centers FGI World This facilities helps youth with drug or alcohol based addictions. They work with clients one on one with any problems they are having. This is a private organization, and the program is only offered through referral. The program allows you to come and go as pleased, unless you are an involuntary client. The councilors help take you through the steps that got you to where you are and also the choices that you made to get you there. Located on downtown Hamilton. The hours are 8:00am to 6:00 pm. Appointments are to be made no walk inn’s are allowed. Conclusion Throughout this report, there have been examples of all types of addictions. Showing how increasingly they are on the rise, and that day-to-day a new  addiction is born. Without services being available to the new born addictions they continuously grow and there is no way to receive help for them. The amount of young teens becoming addicted to things such as drugs or alcohol has grown increasingly and services are yet to be prepared for that situation. Many of the gaps and barriers within these programs or services are what prevent people from seeking the help they need and deserve. It has been proven that not only are addictions physical they are majority psychological and require a great deal of acknowledgement from family, friends, support groups, and government funded programs, so that people can acquire the amount of treatment necessary. With language and hours of availability being a barrier many people with problems are not getting the help they deserve, Canada needs to broaden its’ options when it comes to addiction programs, allowing twenty-four hour services for people with serious or mild conditions. If the programs continue to enable people from receiving help the amount of people with addictions will continue to increase. Being aware of the problem is the first step to solving one.

Flannery O’Connor Essay

Flannery O’Connor was a devout Catholic on the protestant south. All her life she was a white crow, the rest of her life she was diagnosed by lupus and has spent on the farm in Georgia with her mother. Religion was a huge part of her life besides writing, O’Connor gave lectures on faith and literature about her religion and once she said: â€Å"I feel that if I were not a Catholic I would have no reason to write, no reason to see, no reason ever to feel horrified or even to enjoy anything. † (Niederauer, George H. Flannery O’Connor’s vision of faith, church and modern consciousness† Center for Catholic Studies and Social Thoughts. 27 Sep. 2007.   Lane Center Lecture Series. 19 Oct. 2011) It is obvious if a person interested in something it will reflects on his or hers life. Flannery O’Connor was a catholic and we see how her religious belief reflects on every storyline. Flannery was interested in raising peacocks, and enclose feather of this beautiful birds into every letter. Through the letters which was edited after her death by Ellie Fitzgerald it is shown the way how Flannery searching for a God. Flannery was a Roman Catholics on the south, but her stories are about Protestants who are searching for the Truth. She wants to show a grace in every main character, devotion to the Christ and to force her characters to suffer, go through the pain and violent to reach grace. In Revelation we have met with a main character Mrs. Turpin who is very faithful to the Christ not to a God. Here Flannery O’Connor reminds about herself in this character. Because she believed in Incarnation doctrine which Church taught that God become a human and converts to a Jesus. Mrs.  Turpin always talking with Jesus asking questions, arguing with him about problems that has appeared in her life. The main character in this story not a true believer, she is just talking that she is so good and very religious person, but she is not. She doesn’t have this gift called faith in her heart; probably she lost faith as she loose her appetite. Mrs. Turpin doesn’t realize is how much religion cost and she understands that is better to believe than no to believe. Flannery was worry about the thought that people do not understand how religion is important and how it’s worth. Mrs. Turpin character is the figure of a person that Flannery O’Connor don’t wanted to be. Mrs. Turpin is a self-righteous, very shallow thinking person she doesn’t look into people’s inner world she is judging them by their race and the way they look alike. Mrs. Turpin is egocentric which is not allowed in any of religions how she can convince herself in true believing if she is thinking she is better than every person in this waiting room. Such things as: is it better to be a white trash or a Negro woman will never came to her narrow mind if she would be a true believer. Mrs. Turpin has been wrestling with grace, Flannery O’Connor believed that we all does she puts her characters into the situations which allows them to fight for grace she thought grace change us and to wrestle with grace means that you don’t want to change yourself in order to became a true believer. Here it is a scene in the story when Mrs. Turpin sitting in the waiting room and hears a song she doesn’t catch every word but she caught the spirit of this song, which makes her thoughts sober. She starts to think that she is very helpful women and it doesn’t matter which race or social class she would placed to it is rather to be kind and ugly woman than to be rich and not a good woman. Through the story it is shown the way Mrs. Turpin changing her mind, her thoughts became sober it seems like she is transforms as the story goes. But still Mrs. Turpin thinking she is better than everyone she is towering over everyone and she is a decent believer and she is showing to visitors in the waiting room the way how grateful to a Jesus she is for everything that she has. And exactly at this moment the book stroke her by an ugly girl and Flannery O’Connor uses this moment as a moment of violence to forward her character into a way religious people supposed to be to reach a grace. This ugly girl called Mr. Turpin a wart hog which was very offending to her she is a clean and goes to church regularly and this is what redeems her. This moment is a breaking point in the story that makes Mr. Turpin to think about her inner world and not to lie to her. These words are message from the God she received to reach revelation. She is judging people and she will be judged by a God as others. The last scene in the story reveals this judgment, when Mrs. Turpin imagine heaven scene where she saw whole companies in heaven. She didn’t expect it; she thought she and people from her social class deserve to be in heaven but not a white trash or black people and freaks. This is a new class Mr. Turpin highlight during the story and includes in this class the ugly girl who attacked her. All this social classes that were divided into groups by Mrs. Turpin were tumbled into heaven. White trash, black people in white robes, freaks leaping like frogs and bringing up the end of the procession was a tribe of people to whom Mrs. Turpin concern herself and her husband Claud. Mrs. Turpin was kind of a woman who knows exactly what she thinks who sees a lot and understands nothing; she was a good religious woman who has never tried to look deeper into religion aspects. At the end of the story it is eternal time giving to Mrs. Turpin to think about her mistakes and her attitudes to religion to people and finally find grace and to receive revelation from God. Flannery O’Connor’s characters go through short and harsh lifecycle as a challenge and searching for revelation. She was a white crown in front of thousands of Protestants who wants to show through her short stories the Truth that her characters are searching for during their short life in the stories. Her rare inherited decease lupus misunderstanding from the Protestant society, loneliness the fact that she was never married, her spiritual life all this facts goes through her veins to the pen and expressed as a basement for writing her stories.